A research team from the Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB) has developed a diagnostic test based on biomarkers for better protection against exposure to micro- and nanoplastics (MNPLs). The tool evaluates health risks faster, in a more scalable and efficient way than current methods, and is the result of the European-funded PlasticHeal project, coordinated by the UAB. The technology on which the test is based has been highlighted as "Market Ready" by the European Commission's Innovation Radar, a platform that identifies high-potential innovations financed with EU funds.

The ubiquitous presence of MNPLs in the environment has become a major concern due to their bioaccumulation capacity in key human organs through inhalation and ingestion. Scientific evidence indicates that these particles can alter immune, respiratory and gastrointestinal functions. This scenario has turned MNPLs into an emerging risk that urgently requires the definition of safe exposure limits, especially for groups working in direct contact with these materials.

The technology developed by the UAB is especially relevant for the protection of susceptible populations in risky environments. The solution uses a molecular biology methodology that amplifies and measures specific genetic parameters very precisely to identify blood exposure indicators. The test detects whether a person manifests early biological effects derived from exposure to these plastic particles. Timely detection would allow corrective measures - such as improved ventilation or the use of protective equipment - to be applied before permanent damage occurs.

Alba Hernández Bonilla, full professor at the Department of Genetics and Microbiology at the UAB and coordinator of PlasticHeal, highlights that the focus on prevention is a priority: "Regulations are yet to come and specific markers are needed to assess whether workers are in a safe environment." The use of these biomarkers will facilitate rapid biomonitoring in highly exposed groups, where current standards do not yet limit MNPLs levels.

The ability of the test to specifically identify micro- and nanoplastics will facilitate more robust epidemiological studies, since it requires the direct attribution of health problems to exposure to plastics and not to other pollutants. In addition, the new diagnostic test can provide solid scientific data supporting regulatory agencies, such as the European Chemical Agency (ECHA), in developing future evidence-based exposure criteria and limits.

Currently, the research team is in the process of seeking funding and a business collaboration. The objective is to optimise the number of parameters of the kit to achieve maximum sensitivity and specificity with the least possible number of markers.