卡洛斯三世大学研究人员开发新算法,助力摩托车在数字环境中的高效设计
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卡洛斯三世大学研究人员开发新算法,助力摩托车在数字环境中的高效设计


马德里卡洛斯三世大学(UC3M)的研究人员开发了一套创新的方法与算法,通过拓扑优化——一种通过高效分布材料来优化设计的数学技术——提升了车辆设计的性能与精确度。这些科学家将研究成果应用于一款竞赛摩托车部件的设计,在保持性能的同时减轻其重量,此项进展预计将对汽车和航空等行业产生重要影响。

得益于一套通过自动算法直接处理密度场的过滤系统,研究人员成功制备出具有最优材料分布的部件。这些部件能全面满足预设的性能约束要求,具体包括重量、体积、应力指标,以及需传导或承受的热量限值。该项研究成果已正式发表于权威专业期刊《结构与多学科优化》。

该研究作者之一、马德里卡洛斯三世大学机械工程系的亚伯拉罕·瓦迪略·莫里利亚斯(Abraham Vadillo Morillas)指出:"采用拓扑优化进行零部件设计的优势在于,它能自动生成最优构型,无需进行多次迭代计算。"他的博士论文正是围绕这一研究方向展开。"此外,该工艺还具有其他优势,"他补充道,"比如能够降低直接与间接成本。例如:采用较原部件更轻的零部件制造的飞机,将更具环保性,且能为乘客节省旅行开支。"

应用前景广阔

虽然这些技术成果的实验验证最初是针对摩托车部件制造而开展的,但其应用范围远不止于此。鉴于众多行业都能从零部件减重与刚度提升中受益,这些方法具有更为广阔的应用前景。

"任何承受载荷或振动的部件都能从这些进展中受益,"研究团队的另一位成员、马德里卡洛斯三世大学机械工程系教授兼MAQLAB研究组负责人克里斯蒂娜·卡斯特洪·西萨蒙(Cristina Castejón Sisamón)解释道,"其应用范围从车辆部件、工业机械元件、建筑结构到珠宝首饰乃至时尚领域。"

为实现这些技术突破,研究团队采用的方法主要包括两方面:使拓扑优化适配主流制造工艺,以及通过新算法提升结果的可解释性与精度。在增材制造领域,研究人员已开发出专用于3D打印的特定方法,并成功应用于摩托车部件制造,实现了显著的重量减轻。

近期,该团队已开始引入人工智能(IA)技术,旨在推进优化流程向更高自主性发展。"我们的目标是开发能够自主调整优化参数的智能体,这套方法我们称之为自适应变量建模(AVM),"卡斯特洪(Castejón)总结道,"基于人工智能的新工具有望改变机械设计范式,从而更快、更精准、更高效地生成最优部件。"

沿此研究方向完成的博士论文,是首篇与MotoStudent竞赛项目相关的学术成果,该项目由马德里卡洛斯三世大学(UC3M)与其学生及MOTO-MAQLAB-UC3M协会共同参与。这项研究计划启动于十余年前,旨在为参与该项竞赛的学生提供学术支持。相关研究成果已具体体现在参加多届MotoStudent赛事的不同原型车中,其中部分作品现陈列于莱加内斯校区托雷斯·克韦多(Torres Quevedo)大楼入口处。

视频: https://youtu.be/bTAGcDqRSAE

Vadillo, A., Meneses, J., Bustos, A. et al. Improving performance and convergence in topology optimization for print-ready designs. Struct Multidisc Optim 68, 189 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00158-025-04090-z

Vadillo Morillas, A (2024). Novel methods in topology optimisation for additive/subtractive manufacturing in the digital environment. Application to motorbike design. Tesis doctoral Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica. https://hdl.handle.net/10016/46241
Attached files
  • 标题:UC3M
Regions: Europe, Spain
Keywords: Applied science, Engineering, Technology, Transport

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