🌞【研究新发现】阳光为什么特别“擅长”蒸发水?原来关键在这里!
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🌞【研究新发现】阳光为什么特别“擅长”蒸发水?原来关键在这里!


大家都知道,太阳可以很快把水晒干,但你有没有想过:为什么阳光比加热炉子更高效?近日,北卡罗来纳州立大学的一项新研究给出了答案:关键是阳光中的振荡电场
“太阳光蒸发水的效率远高于我们平常使用的加热方式,但过去一直不清楚原因。”论文第一作者、北卡州立大学机械与航空航天工程系博士生Saqlain Raza说,“我们的研究揭示了振荡电场在这个过程中的关键作用。”
论文的共同通讯作者刘君教授补充道:“这项研究是我们理解太阳光如何驱动蒸发的努力之一。弄清楚其中的机制,有助于未来开发更加节能高效的水处理或蒸发设备。”
☀️ 电场到底起了什么作用?
研究团队利用计算模拟的方法,系统地分析了阳光的不同特性。他们发现:阳光中本就包含振荡电场,它能极大地加快水分子的逃逸速度。“当我们在模型中去掉电场成分时,蒸发变得更慢;而当电场存在时,水蒸发得非常快。而且,电场越强,蒸发速度越快!”刘教授说。
更令人惊讶的是,电场不仅“赶走”了单个水分子,它还能把一整簇水分子——即“水分子团簇”——从液体中分离出来!这效率可比一个个赶单分子高多了。
💧 模拟实验还发现了什么?
研究者们还比较了纯水和水凝胶中的蒸发差异。结果发现,在水凝胶中,由于交联聚合物链的存在,更多的水团簇出现在水表面附近。也就是说,在这种环境中,电场能更容易“切断”水团簇,让蒸发更快发生。
“我们是首个通过模拟展示和可视化‘水团簇’在蒸发中作用的研究团队。”刘教授表示,“这项成果为理解界面水蒸发的本质提供了全新视角。”
📘 论文信息:
文章题为《Oscillations in Incident Electric Field Enhances Interfacial Water Evaporation》,发表在《Materials Horizons》期刊。合作者包括来自华中科技大学的共同通讯作者钱鑫教授,以及北卡州立大学的杨聪博士。该研究获得了美国化学会石油研究基金的支持。
“Oscillations in Incident Electric Field Enhances Interfacial Water Evaporation”

Authors: Saqlain Raza, Cong Yang and Jun Liu, North Carolina State University; Xin Qian, Huazhong University of Science and Technology

Published: June 13, Materials Horizons

DOI: 10.1039/D5MH00353A
Regions: North America, United States
Keywords: Science, Earth Sciences, Energy, Environment - science, Physics

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