主動式垂直綠牆被证明能有效改善室内空气质量
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主動式垂直綠牆被证明能有效改善室内空气质量


室内空气污染已成为许多国家严重的公卫问题,已经对人类健康产生重大影响。它会导致“病态建筑综合征”(Sick Building Syndrome),并影响居住者的舒适度、员工的工作效率以及学生的学习表现成效。

室内污染物的主要来源包括,化工产品: 油漆稀释剂、香水、化妆品和清洁产品;建筑与家具: 建筑材料、家具、烟草烟雾;日常活动: 取暖(燃料燃烧)、烹饪;室外来源则主要为 城市粉尘。

由安东尼奥·杰·费尔南德斯·埃斯皮诺萨(Antonio J. Fernández Espinosa)、萨比娜·罗西尼·奥利瓦(Sabina Rossini Oliva)、路易斯·佩雷斯·乌雷斯塔拉苏(Luis Pérez Urrestarazu)和拉斐尔·费尔南德斯-卡涅罗(Rafael Fernández-Cañero)所共同组成的研究团队,针对垂直主动式绿墙(Active Living Wall, ALW)去除室内空气污染物的能力进行研究;他们在农业工程高等技术学院内安装的封闭玻璃舱内进行了五种不同的植物物种评估:白鹤芋 (Spathiphyllum wallisii);紫叶吊竹梅 (Tradescantia zebrina);心叶蔓绿绒 (Philodendron scandens);蔓性风信子/薜荔 (Ficus pumila);吊兰 (Chlorophytum comosum)。

研究人员首先向舱内导入气态污染物(NO₂和SO₂)以及挥发性有机化合物(VOCs)(甲醛、丙酮、正己烷和正庚烷)后进行浓度变化检测、计算其降低程度。在注入污染物后,显示出较大幅的污染物指标(PR%)降低,尤其是在甲醛和二氧化硫方面。

经过24小时后,所有研究的植物物种在舱内对污染物的去除率均在96%至98%之间。对甲醛(CH₂O)和二氧化氮(NO₂)的去除成效最高;此外,不同植物物种对不同污染物的去除能力存在差异,这取决于选定的具体污染物而定。

在注入挥发性有机化合物(TVOCs)污染物后15分钟,所有植物均实现了 24%至40% 的污染物降幅。然而研究特别指出,白鹤芋(S. wallisii)对NO₂表现出更强的去除能力,在暴露的第一小时内即可减少60%。
Antonio José Fernández-Espinosa, José Manuel Montiel-de La Cruz, Rafael Fernández-Cañero, Luis Pérez-Urrestarazu, Sabina Rossini-Oliva, 2026. Volatile organic compounds, SO2 and NO2 capture by means of an indoor active living wall, Atmospheric Environment, Volume 371, 2026, 121856
ISSN 1352-2310,
Regions: Europe, Spain
Keywords: Health, Food

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